diff --git a/lib/features/programs/services/excel_template_service.dart b/lib/features/programs/services/excel_template_service.dart
index a75bfd6..322790d 100644
--- a/lib/features/programs/services/excel_template_service.dart
+++ b/lib/features/programs/services/excel_template_service.dart
@@ -18,11 +18,13 @@ class ExcelTemplateService {
   static const String sheetPrograms = 'Programs';
   static const String sheetSteps = 'Steps';
 
-  /// 生成模板并保存到应用文档目录，返回文件对象
+  /// 生成模板并保存到下载目录，返回文件对象
+  ///
+  /// 优先使用系统下载目录；不支持时回退到应用文档目录。
   Future<File> generateTemplate() async {
     final excel = Excel.createExcel();
     final bytes = _buildTemplateBytes(excel);
-    final dir = await getApplicationDocumentsDirectory();
+    final dir = await getDownloadsDirectory() ?? await getApplicationDocumentsDirectory();
     final file = File('${dir.path}/program_template.xlsx');
     await file.writeAsBytes(bytes, flush: true);
     return file;